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signal station
A signal station is a form of Aids to Navigation that is defined by the IHO simply as "A signal station is a place on shore from which signals are made to ships at sea".〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Signal station, warning points (Hydro, 1:22k - 1:90k) )〕 While this broad definition would include coastal radio stations and fog signal stations, the term is most often used for shore installation that use ''visual'' signals to communicate with ships at sea.
==History==
Signal stations were the only practical mean of communicating with passing ships until the development of radio, and played a critical role in both navigation safety and commercial operation of fleets. As they were normally located in high places with extensive fields of view, surviving signal stations are often in scenic locations, and have become local landmarks.
Signal stations used a variety of means to communicate shore-to-ship: Chappe Telegraph or other forms of pole-and-arm optical telegraph,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Semaphore Marine Signals of Telegraph Hill )〕 flag semaphore, heliograph, slat semaphore, and port-specific signals (like flag and ball weather warnings).〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=各種風球信號和夜間燈號 )〕 The most widespread method was through different forms of flaghoist. Signals were often private signals, requiring local knowledge or code books.
From the 1880s, Lloyd's operated a network of signal stations around the world,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Lloyd's Register of Shipping )〕 connected to telegraph land-lines, that served to relay orders from owners and obtain reports from ships' masters. Messages for passengers could also be sent using a flag semaphore, and light signals at night.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Lloyd's Signal Station : Bass Point, Lizard Peninsula, Cornwall, UK )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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